RiddlesMaxwell Stott
Published © GPL3+

Virtual Race Using Carloop and Photon

The idea is to utilize a Carloop and Particle Photon to track car mileage and send an update when one car has reached a threshhold.

IntermediateFull instructions provided1 hour305
Virtual Race Using Carloop and Photon

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Photon
Particle Photon
×2
Argon
Particle Argon
×2
Carloop
Carloop
×2

Software apps and online services

Particle Build Web IDE
Particle Build Web IDE
Maker service
IFTTT Maker service
Google Sheets
Google Sheets

Story

Read more

Schematics

General Schematic

Carloop and Photon Assembly

Taken from http://docs.carloop.io/, this image shows the Photon board properly plugged into the Carloop device.

Typical OBDII Port

Taken from http://docs.carloop.io/, this image shows a typical OBDII port into which the Carloop assembly must be plugged.

Circuit Diagram

Circuit Diagram

Code

Code for Tracking Cumulative Mileage

C/C++
This code tracks the cumulative mileage of the car as a variable called "count." The variable is updated every time the Photon returns to Wifi.
// This #include statement was automatically added by the Particle IDE.
#include <carloop.h>

/* Carloop mileage reminder app
 * Copyright 2016 1000 Tools, Inc.
 *
 * Accumulates miles in a counter stored in EEPROM.
 * When the limit is reached, set a flag in EEPROM that an event should
 * be published to the Particle Cloud.
 * In the cloud, set the event to send an SMS to the driver.
 */
#include "application.h"
#include "carloop/carloop.h"

// Don't block the main program while connecting to WiFi/cellular.
// This way the main program runs on the Carloop even outside of WiFi range.
SYSTEM_THREAD(ENABLED);

// Tell the program which revision of Carloop you are using.
Carloop<CarloopRevision2> carloop;

// Function declarations
void publishEvent();
void setupCloud();
int resetIntervalCounter(String);
int changeIntervalLimit(String arg);
void updateSpeed();
void requestVehicleSpeed();
void waitForVehicleSpeedResponse();
void updateMileage(uint8_t newVehicleSpeedKhm);
double computeDeltaMileage(uint8_t newVehicleSpeedKhm);
void checkIntervalLimit();
void storeMileage();
void loadFromStorage();
void saveToStorage();

// Structures

/* This struct must not be re-ordered since it is the EEPROM layout.
 * Elements must not be deleted.
 * To remove an element, replace the name by _unused1/2/3.
 * Elements must only be added at the end.
 */
struct Data {
  uint16_t appId; // Used to make sure the EEPROM was properly initialized for this app
  uint16_t version; // Increment in case more fields are added in a later version

  double intervalCounter; // The count of miles
  double intervalLimit; // The upper limit of miles to trigger a reminder
  uint8_t intervalReached; // Whether a reminder must be triggered next time the Carloop is online
};

// The default values for the EEPROM on first run
const Data DEFAULT_DATA = {
  /* appId */ 0x4352, // Letters CR = Carloop Reminder
  /* version */ 0,
  /* intervalCounter */ 0.0,
  /* intervalLimit */ 1.0,
  /* intervalReached */ 0,
};

// The data that is stored and loaded in permanent storage (EEPROM)
Data data;

// Only store to EEPROM every so often
const auto STORAGE_PERIOD = 60 * 1000; /* every minute */
uint32_t lastStorageTime = 0;

// OBD constants for CAN

// CAN IDs for OBD messages
const auto OBD_CAN_REQUEST_ID    = 0x7E0;
const auto OBD_CAN_REPLY_ID      = 0x7E8;

// Modes (aka services) for OBD
const auto OBD_MODE_CURRENT_DATA = 0x01;

// OBD signals (aka PID) that can be requested
const auto OBD_PID_VEHICLE_SPEED = 0x0d;

// Time to wait for a reply for an OBD request
const auto OBD_TIMEOUT_MS = 20;

int obdResponseCount = 0;

uint8_t vehicleSpeedKmh = 0;
uint32_t lastVehicleSpeedUpdateTime = 0;

// Called at boot
// Sets up the CAN bus and cloud functions
void setup()
{
  vehicleSpeedKmh = 0;
  lastVehicleSpeedUpdateTime = 0;

  setupCloud();
  loadFromStorage();

  // Configure the CAN bus speed for 500 kbps, the standard speed for the OBD-II port.
  // Other common speeds are 250 kbps and 1 Mbps.
  carloop.setCANSpeed(500000);

  // Connect to the CAN bus
  carloop.begin();
}

// Allow interacting with the Carloop remotely
void setupCloud()
{
  Particle.function("reset", resetIntervalCounter);
  Particle.function("limit", changeIntervalLimit);
  Particle.variable("count", data.intervalCounter);
  Particle.variable("msg", obdResponseCount);
}

// Reset the interval counter and store the zero value in EEPROM
int resetIntervalCounter(String = String())
{
  data.intervalCounter = 0;
  data.intervalReached = 0;
  saveToStorage();
  return 0;
}

// Set the interval upper limit and make sure the current value is below
// that. Store the values value in EEPROM
int changeIntervalLimit(String arg)
{
  long newLimit = arg.toInt();
  if (newLimit <= 0)
  {
    return -1;
  }

  data.intervalLimit = newLimit;
  checkIntervalLimit();
  saveToStorage();
  return 0;
}

// Called over and over
// Process new CAN messages here to update the vehicle speed, update
// the mileage and update the interval counter
void loop()
{
  updateSpeed();
  storeMileage();
  publishEvent();
  delay(100);
}

// Request the vehicle speed through OBD and wait for the response
void updateSpeed()
{
  requestVehicleSpeed();
  waitForVehicleSpeedResponse();
}

// Send a PID request for the vehicle speed
void requestVehicleSpeed()
{
  CANMessage message;

  // A CAN message to request the vehicle speed
  message.id = OBD_CAN_REQUEST_ID;
  message.len = 8;

  // Data is an OBD request: get current value of the vehicle speed PID
  message.data[0] = 2; // 2 byte request
  message.data[1] = OBD_MODE_CURRENT_DATA;
  message.data[2] = OBD_PID_VEHICLE_SPEED;

  // Send the message on the bus!
  carloop.can().transmit(message);
}

// Wait for the PID response with a timeout
void waitForVehicleSpeedResponse()
{
  uint32_t start = millis();
  while (millis() - start < OBD_TIMEOUT_MS)
  {
    CANMessage message;
    if (carloop.can().receive(message))
    {
      if (message.id == OBD_CAN_REPLY_ID &&
          message.data[2] == OBD_PID_VEHICLE_SPEED)
      {
        uint8_t newVehicleSpeedKhm = message.data[3];
        updateMileage(newVehicleSpeedKhm);
        obdResponseCount++;
        return;
      }
    }
  }

  // A timeout occured
  updateMileage(0);
}

// Update the interval counter based on the new speed and check if the
// limit was reached
void updateMileage(uint8_t newVehicleSpeedKhm)
{
  double deltaMileage = computeDeltaMileage(newVehicleSpeedKhm);

  data.intervalCounter += deltaMileage;
  checkIntervalLimit();
}

// Calculate the increase in mileage given the old and new speed
double computeDeltaMileage(uint8_t newVehicleSpeedKhm)
{
  uint32_t now = millis();
  double deltaMileage = 0.0;

  // If the speed was previously 0 or newly 0, or timed out because the
  // car was off, just save the new speed value
  if (vehicleSpeedKmh > 0 && newVehicleSpeedKhm > 0)
  {
    // The car was previously driving and is still driving

    // Figure out the distance driven using the trapezoidal rule
    uint32_t msDiff = now - lastVehicleSpeedUpdateTime;
    // Calculate only if the difference is plausible
    if (msDiff < 1000) {
      // distance in km/h * ms
      uint32_t deltaDistance = msDiff * (vehicleSpeedKmh + newVehicleSpeedKhm) / 2;

      // Convert to miles
      // 1 kilometer per hour * ms = 1.72603109 × 10^-7 miles
      // km/h * ms * (1 h / 3600 s) * (0.621371 mi / 1 km) * (1 s / 1000 ms)
      deltaMileage = deltaDistance * 1.72603109e-7;
    }
  }

  vehicleSpeedKmh = newVehicleSpeedKhm;
  lastVehicleSpeedUpdateTime = now;
  return deltaMileage;
}

// If the interval limit is reached, mark it so we can publish an event
// when we come back to network range
void checkIntervalLimit()
{
  while (data.intervalCounter >= data.intervalLimit)
  {
    data.intervalCounter -= data.intervalLimit;
    data.intervalReached = 1;
  }
}

// Store data to EEPROM every so often
void storeMileage()
{
  if (millis() - lastStorageTime > STORAGE_PERIOD)
  {
    saveToStorage();
    lastStorageTime = millis();
  }
}

// If we reached the limit and we're connected to the cloud through WiFi
// or cellular, publish the event to send the reminder
void publishEvent()
{
  if (data.intervalReached && Particle.connected())
  {
    // Publish the event interval with the value set to the mileage that was reached
    Particle.publish("interval", String::format("%.0f", data.intervalLimit), PRIVATE);
    // Clear the flag avoid publishing the same event twice
    data.intervalReached = 0;
    saveToStorage();
  }
}


// Load the data structure to EEPROM permanent storage
void loadFromStorage()
{
  EEPROM.get(0, data);

  // On first load, set the EEPROM to default values
  if (data.appId != DEFAULT_DATA.appId)
  {
    data = DEFAULT_DATA;
    saveToStorage();
  }
}

// Save the data structure to EEPROM permanent storage
void saveToStorage()
{
    EEPROM.put(0, data);
}

2-Way Communication Code for Jake's Argon

C/C++
This code was used for the demonstration of 2-Way Communication.
void setup() {
    Particle.subscribe("Response to Jake", myHandler, MY_DEVICES);
    }

void loop() {
   delay(10000);
   Particle.publish("Message from Jake to Max", "Are you getting this, Max?");
   }
    
    void myHandler(const char *event, const char *data)  {
        
        Particle.publish("Successful 2-Way Communication!", "Glad to hear you got this, Max!");
        
    }

2-Way Communication Code for Max's Photon

C/C++
This code was used for the demonstration of 2-way communication.
void setup() {
   Particle.subscribe("Message from Jake to Max", myHandler, MY_DEVICES);
}
    
void loop() {
}
    
    void myHandler(const char *event, const char *data) {
        
        Particle.publish("Response to Jake", "Yes, I'm getting this, Jake.");
        
    }

Credits

Riddles

Riddles

1 project • 0 followers
Maxwell Stott

Maxwell Stott

0 projects • 0 followers

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